![]() ![]() If a person does not take in any salt and just drinks water, the blood sodium level falls. Common causes include diuretic use, diarrhea, heart failure, liver disease, renal disease, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). ADH acts on the kidney to reabsorb plain water. Key Points Hyponatremia is decrease in serum sodium concentration < 136 mEq/L ( < 136 mmol/L) caused by an excess of water relative to solute. Normally, a part of the brain called the hypothalamus makes ADH when the blood volume is low. This stands for "syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion." This range will vary from lab to lab, but not too widely. you are not dehydrated and have no swelling), you may have a condition called SIADH. Normal sodium levels are generally considered to be between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). If you have swelling in your legs or abdomen from excess fluid, the low sodium level could be related to liver problems (such as cirrhosis) or heart failure.Īssuming that your fluid status is "normal," (i.e. ![]() 1, 2 This electrolyte imbalance is encountered commonly in hospital and ambulatory settings. If you were dehydrated the day of your blood test and drank mostly water in the day or two before your test, your body would hold on to as much fluid as possible, even if it meant lowering the blood sodium level. Hyponatremia generally is defined as a plasma sodium level of less than 135 mEq per L (135 mmol per L). Next, I examine the person to determine his or her fluid status:ĭoes the person have excess body fluid? (Evidence can include swollen legs or a swollen belly)ĭoes the person's fluid status appear to be normal? ![]()
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